{"product_id":"a-prisaƒo-do-gungunhana-relatorio","title":"A PRISÃƒO DO GUNGUNHANA: RELATORIO.","description":"\u003cp\u003eApresentado ao Conselheiro Correia e LanÃ§a, Governador Geral Interino da Provincia de MoÃ§ambique. Pelo Governador do Districto Militar de Gaza Joaquim Mousinho d\"Albuquerque, CapitÃ£o de Cavallaria. Typographia Nacional de Sampaio \u0026amp; Carvalho. LourenÃ§o Marques. 1896.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDe 26x17,5 cm. Com 56 pÃ¡gs. EncadernaÃ§Ã£o da Ã©poca em tela encerada com ferros a ouro na pasta anterior e folhas de guarda em papel lustro decorado com motivos vegetalistas. Ilustrado com tabela de dados.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExemplar com sinais de manuseamento na lombada e nas pastas, carimbo oleogrÃ¡fico de posse na folha de rosto com indicaÃ§Ã£o de que esta obra foi publicada em Suplemento ao Boletim Official do Governo Geral da ProvÃ­ncia de MoÃ§ambique Numero 9 de 1896, algumas notas e sublinhados a lÃ¡pis e a tinta no verso da folha de guarda, folha de anterrosto e na pÃ¡gina 56.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRelatÃ³rio dividido em quatro partes e com 13 documentos transcritos a seguir ao texto, nas pÃ¡ginas 32 a 56, datado LourenÃ§o Marques, 16 de Janeiro de 1896. Ã‰ uma fonte muito importante para o estudo dos acontecimentos histÃ³ricos de fins do SÃ©culo XIX, que levaram Ã  formaÃ§Ã£o de MoÃ§ambique, com as actuais fronteiras. Tem especial importÃ¢ncia por Mousinho de Albuquerque expor a sua visÃ£o dos acontecimentos, que foram objecto de polÃ©micas desde a Ã©poca atÃ© aos nossos dias.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJoaquim Augusto Mouzinho de Albuquerque (Quinta da VÃ¡rzea, Batalha, 11 de Novembro de 1855 â€“ Lisboa, Estrada das Laranjeiras, 8 de Janeiro de 1902) foi um Oficial de Cavalaria portuguÃªs que ganhou grande fama em Portugal por ter protagonizado a captura do Imperador Nguni Gungunhana em Chaimite (1895) e pela conduÃ§Ã£o da subsequente campanha de pacificaÃ§Ã£o das populaÃ§Ãµes locais, ou da sua conquista e subjugaÃ§Ã£o no territÃ³rio que viria a constituir uma parte das actuais fronteiras de MoÃ§ambique. Foi uma das mais conhecidas figuras militares portuguesas, pelas suas vitÃ³rias em Chaimite e Gaza, durante campanhas militares em Ãfrica (1894-1895), e um dos mais famosos administradores coloniais.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo ano de 1884 foi promovido a Tenente e nomeado Regente de Estudos no Real ColÃ©gio Militar. Dois anos depois, partiu para a Ãndia, ocupando um lugar na fiscalizaÃ§Ã£o do Caminho-de-Ferro de MormugÃ£o, e, em 1888, foi nomeado secretÃ¡rio-geral do governo do Estado da Ãndia. Em 1890, foi promovido a CapitÃ£o, feito Oficial da Real Ordem Militar de SÃ£o Bento de Avis e nomeado Governador do Distrito de LourenÃ§o Marques, cargo que ocupou atÃ© 1892, altura em que regressou a Lisboa.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eO ano de 1894 marca o regresso de Mouzinho de Albuquerque Ã s ColÃ³nias, ao comando de um EsquadrÃ£o de Lanceiros que se iriam juntar Ã s forÃ§as de expediÃ§Ã£o militar cujo objectivo era dominar as rebeliÃµes indÃ­genas no Sul de MoÃ§ambique. Foi aÃ­ que Mouzinho de Albuquerque se destacou nas campanhas de Ãfrica, nomeadamente a que levaria Ã  prisÃ£o do Chefe VÃ¡tua Gungunhana.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMarcelo Rebelo de Sousa, no seu discurso de tomada de posse do cargo de Presidente da RepÃºblica Portuguesa, em 2016, apresentou-o como um exemplo de virtudes militares caracterÃ­sticas dos portugueses ao longo da sua histÃ³ria.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGungunhana (Margens do Limpopo, entre 1839 e 1850 - Angra do HeroÃ­smo, AÃ§ores, 1906) da tribo dos Angunes tambÃ©m designados por VÃ¡tuas. Foi o Ãºltimo imperador do chamado ImpÃ©rio de Gaza, tendo reinado de 1884 a 28 de dezembro de 1895, quando foi aprisionado por Mouzinho de Albuquerque, na sua aldeia fortificada de Chaimite, local sagrado da linhagem e sÃ­tio de residÃªncia dos espÃ­ritos ancestrais.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eO seu nome era Mudungazi, ou Mundagaz, sendo Gungunhana um cognome, que passou a usar quando subiu ao trono. Era filho de Muzila, (Mzila) rei de Gaza de 1861 a 1884 e neto de Manicusse (de seu nome Soshangane) fundador do ImpÃ©rio de Gaza, que tinha vindo da ZululÃ¢ndia para a regiÃ£o de Gaza, cerca de 1819, apÃ³s ser derrotada por Shaka, na Ã©poca de grandes convulsÃµes na Ãfrica Austral, designada por Mfecane, que foi causada pela introduÃ§Ã£o do cultivo do milho na regiÃ£o. A cultura do milho aumentou o nÃ­vel de vida das populaÃ§Ãµes, mas, ao mesmo tempo, provocou disputas pela posse de terras para o cultivar o que acabou por levar Ã  formaÃ§Ã£o de um exÃ©rcito permanente, Ã s ordens de Shaka, o rei Zulu, que unificou os povos de lÃ­ngua nguni e se confederou com outras tribos.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGungunhana, que sobe ao trono depois da eliminaÃ§Ã£o dos seus rivais, em 1884, enfrenta uma situaÃ§Ã£o muito difÃ­cil, pois na mesma data realizava-se a ConferÃªncia de Berlim, que iria determinar a divisÃ£o de Ãfrica pelas potÃªncias europeias. Assim o seu reino ficou a fazer parte dos territÃ³rios de MoÃ§ambique o que obrigava a aceitar o domÃ­nio do Rei de Portugal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInconformado com a perda de poder e de rendimentos que tal facto lhe iria acarretar, Gungunhana tenta uma estratÃ©gia falhada de obter o apoio dos ingleses contra os portugueses. NÃ£o tendo tido Ãªxito, na parte final do seu reinado vai seguir uma estratÃ©gia ambÃ­gua e hesitante que conjugada com a situaÃ§Ã£o polÃ­tica em Portugal, depois do Ultimato InglÃªs, caracterizada por elevada tensÃ£o e dominada pelo populismo, irÃ¡ levar ao fim violento do seu reino e ao aprisionamento e desterro.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDepois de capturado foi trazido para Portugal onde chegou acompanhado por um numeroso sÃ©quito constituÃ­do por sete mulheres: Namatuco, Machacha, Patihina, Xisipe, Fussi, Muzamussi e Dabondi, seu filho Godide, o tio Molungo, um cozinheiro de nome Go, a que se juntaram o prÃ­ncipe ronga, Zixaxa, com trÃªs das suas mulheres de nome: Pembane, Oxaca e Debeza. O sÃ©quito do Imperador provocou grande curiosidade e posteriormente escandalo pelo grande nÃºmero de mulheres, tendo sido tomada a decisÃ£o, sobre pressÃ£o de sectores influentes da opiniÃ£o pÃºblica, de separÃ¡-las dos homens e enviÃ¡-las para SÃ£o TomÃ©.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApÃ³s ter estado preso alguns meses no Forte de Monsanto, foi desterrado para Angra do HeroÃ­smo, em 23 de Junho de 1896, em companhia do filho Godide, do tio Molungo e de Zixaxa, onde aprendeu a ler e a escrever e foi baptizado com o nome de Reinaldo Frederico Gungunhana.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eActualmente, os restos mortais de Gungunhana, que foram devolvidos por Portugal a MoÃ§ambique, em 1985, estÃ£o colocados num tÃºmulo no interior da Fortaleza de Maputo (antiga LourenÃ§o Marques), tendo junto a estÃ¡tua equestre de Mousinho de Albuquerque e os painÃ©is em bronze registando a suas faÃ§anhas, que foram apeados da praÃ§a central da cidade em 1975.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e[EN] 26x17,5 cm. 56 pages. Contemporary binding in canvas with gilt tools on the front pastedown and coated endpapers decorated with plant motifs. Illustrated with data table.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCopy with signs of handling on the spine and boards, oleographic ownership stamp on the title page indicating that this work was published in Supplement to the Official Bulletin of the General Government of the Province of Mozambique, Number 9 of 1896. Some notes and underlining in pencil and ink on the back of the front endpaper, half title page and page 56.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReport divided into four parts and with 13 transcribed documents following the texto on pages 32 to 56, dated LourenÃ§o Marques, 16 January 1896. It is a very important source for the study of the historical events of the late 19th century, which led to the formation of Mozambique, with its current borders. It is particularly important because Mousinho de Albuquerque sets out his view of the events, which have been the subject of controversy from his time to the present day.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJoaquim Augusto Mouzinho de Albuquerque (Quinta da VÃ¡rzea, Batalha, 11 November 1855 - Lisbon, Estrada das Laranjeiras, 8 January 1902) was a Portuguese Cavalry Officer who gained great fame in Portugal for having led the capture of Emperor Nguni Gungunhana in Chaimite (1895) and for conducting the subsequent campaign of pacification of the local populations, or their conquest and subjugation in the territory that would become part of present-day Mozambique. He was one of the best known Portuguese military figures, for his victories at Chaimite and Gaza during military campaigns in Africa (1894-1895), and one of the most famous colonial administrators.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn 1884 he was promoted to Lieutenant and appointed Regent of Studies at the Royal Military College. Two years later he left for India, taking up a post in the supervision of the Mormugao Railway, and in 1888 was appointed Secretary-General of the Government of the State of India. In 1890, he was promoted to Captain, made an Officer of the Royal Military Order of SÃ£o Bento de Avis and appointed Governor of the District of LourenÃ§o Marques, a post he held until 1892, when he returned to Lisbon.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe year 1894 marks the return of Mouzinho de Albuquerque to the Colonies, this time commanding a Squadron of Lancers who would join the forces of a military expedition whose objective was to dominate the indigenous rebellions in southern Mozambique. It was there that Mouzinho de Albuquerque distinguished himself in the campaigns of Africa, namely the one that would lead to the arrest of VÃ¡tua Chief Gungunhana.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMarcelo Rebelo de Sousa, in his inauguration speech as President of the Portuguese Republic in 2016, presented him as an example of military virtues, characteristic of the Portuguese throughout their history.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGungunhana (Limpopo River banks, between 1839 and 1850 - Angra do HeroÃ­smo, Azores, 1906) of the tribe of the Angunes also known as VÃ¡tuas. He was the last emperor of the so-called Empire of Gaza, having reigned from 1884 to 28 December 1895, when he was imprisoned by Mouzinho de Albuquerque in his fortified village of Chaimite, sacred village of the lineage and residence of the ancestral spirits.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHis name was Mudungazi, or Mundagaz, Gungunhana being a cognomen, which he took when he ascended the throne. He was the son of Muzila, (Mzila) king of Gaza from 1861 to 1884 and grandson of Manicusse (birth name Soshangane) founder of the Gaza Empire, who had come to the Gaza region from Zululand about 1819, after being defeated by Shaka, at the time of great upheaval in southern Africa, called Mfecane, which was caused by the introduction of maize cultivation in the region. Maize cultivation raised the standard of living of the people, but at the same time caused disputes over the ownership of land to grow it, which eventually led to the formation of a standing army at the orders of Shaka, the Zulu king, who unified the Nguni-speaking peoples and confederated with other tribes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGungunhana, who ascended the throne after the elimination of his rivals, faced a very difficult situation, since at the same time the Berlin Conference was held, which would determine the division of Africa by the European powers. His kingdom thus became part of the territories of Mozambique, which meant that he had to accept the rule of the King of Portugal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnhappy with the loss of power and income that this would entail, Gungunhana tried a failed strategy of obtaining the support of the English against the Portuguese. In addition, in the final part of his reign, he pursued an ambiguous and hesitant strategy that, combined with the political situation in Portugal after the British Ultimatum, characterised by high tension and dominated by populism, would lead to the violent end of his reign and his imprisonment and banishment.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter his capture he was brought to Portugal where he arrived accompanied by a large retinue of seven women: Namatuco, Machacha, Patihina, Xisipe, Fussi, Muzamussi and Dabondi, his son Godide, his uncle Molungo, a cook named Go, joined by the Ronga prince, Zixaxa, with three of his wives named Pembane, Oxaca and Debeza. The Emperor\"s entourage caused great curiosity and later scandal due to the large number of women, and the decision, under pressure from influential sectors of public opinion, to separate them from the men and send them to SÃ£o TomÃ©, was taken.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter being imprisoned for a few months in the Monsanto Fort, he was exiled to Angra do HeroÃ­smo on 23 June 1896, where he learned to read and write and was baptised with the christian name Reinaldo Frederico Gungunhana.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, Gungunhana\"s remains, which were returned by Portugal to Mozambique in 1985, are placed in a tomb inside Maputo Fortress (formerly LourenÃ§o Marques), with the equestrian statue of Mousinho de Albuquerque and the bronze panels recording his exploits, which were removed from the city\"s central square in 1975.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Garimpo dos Livros","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":58295744233804,"sku":"2306MA086","price":5400.0,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1066\/5617\/0316\/files\/2306MA086_1.jpg?v=1785850410","url":"https:\/\/garimpodoslivros.com.br\/products\/a-prisa%c6%92o-do-gungunhana-relatorio","provider":"Garimpo dos Livros","version":"1.0","type":"link"}